Scientists claim fish 'learn like humans'

The nine-spined stickleback
The nine-spined stickleback

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Wednesday, 17, Jun 2009 03:10

Scientists have claimed the way fish learn could be closer to humans than previously thought.

According to a study by St Andrews and Durham universities the nine-spined stickleback can compare the behaviour of other sticklebacks with their own experience and make a series of choices which can potentially lead to better food supplies.

The discovery could be the first in showing an animal exhibiting an important human social learning strategy, the report, published in the journal Behavioural Ecology, claims.

Also in the news: 'Plot to use fish as murder weapon' foiled

The authors of study suggest the fish may even have an unusually sophisticated social learning capability not yet found in other animals, called a 'hill-climbing' strategy.

The ability of the sticklebacks to pick the best quality food patch by comparing how successful others are at getting food compared to their own personal experience certainly has not been shown before, they write.

It's thought the fish may have been forced into developing the ability to learn about where to feed due to their lack of protection from predators. The scientists claim it may be the case they needed to find where best to feed while hiding.

They also claim their findings show that the cognitive mechanisms underlying cumulative cultural evolution may be more prevalent in nonhuman animals than currently believed.

"The findings show that big brains, like those in humans, are not necessarily needed as a pre-requisite for cumulative culture," they write.

Today's report claims the findings of the study contributes to the understanding of brain evolution and the types of brain required for certain cognitive functions, both in humans and animals.

Lead author Dr Jeremy Kendal from Durham University's Anthropology Department, states: "Small fish may have small brains but they still have some surprising cognitive abilities.

"'Hill-climbing' strategies are widely seen in human society whereby advances in technology are down to people choosing the best technique through social learning and improving on it, resulting in cumulative culture.

"But our results suggest brain size isn't everything when it comes to the capacity for social learning."

The team also found that with the sticklebacks the likelihood of copying the behaviour of others increased with the rate at which the others fed.

What do you think?

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  • "Wow. That's really big. Of course, Mythbusters showed that goldfish could learn YEARS ago, and they did it for free."

    Steve I. (Virginia) Posted: 17/06/2009 00:57:50

  • "maybe this explains ralph's treatment of spotty"

    () Posted: 17/06/2009 01:56:42

  • "I am sooooo impressed. When are we going to demand that such research be redirected toward addressing problems that matter? Sure, there may be some redemptive purpose, but it doesn't register on the scale of importance. "

    Jeff Kennedy (Memphis) Posted: 17/06/2009 02:16:02

  • "Good news. Maybe liberals can learn too."

    Ian (Maryland) Posted: 17/06/2009 02:21:39

  • "Hmm, just shows that the human with the big head isn't the smartest since they have da largest brain!"

    George Duff (Houston, TX) Posted: 17/06/2009 03:32:40

  • "Observe common Mollies, the black tropical fish popular in home aquariums. When hungry, which is nearly always, the entire tank population (say, 20 fish of different ages and sizes) will cluster in the corner when they are usually fed as soon as someone walks by. Newborn Mollies learn the same trick within days after rising from the bottom."

    Brian Faulkner (N. Carolina) Posted: 17/06/2009 04:23:50

  • "I once thought my Bettas made intelligent decisions, now I am convinced"

    Nick Speyrer (Mexico) Posted: 17/06/2009 09:00:16

  • "Fascinating. I shall use it for my next screenplay, "Night of the Stickleback""

    Tortured screenwriter (Hollywood, CA) Posted: 17/06/2009 09:58:31

  • "Of course they can learn, why do you think they spend so much time in schools. I know that was bad, but I can't be the only one thinking it. "

    Flounder (Maryland) Posted: 17/06/2009 11:15:16

  • "I have an aquarium and new that for years."

    Weevil (Dallas) Posted: 17/06/2009 13:12:40

  • "Why are humans so caught up with brain size, and so willing to write off us smaller creatures because we don't meausure up? Do us a favor...use your big brains to ward off the next killer meteor or comet strike...we're tired of evolving... "

    Fish from Lake Malawi (New York) Posted: 17/06/2009 13:25:24

  • "They could have saved time and money by asking any fisherman"

    ed (usa) Posted: 17/06/2009 13:41:02

  • "A fish may learn from tradition, but precedent only matters to the left if it is Roe v. Wade."

    Jay (Houston, TX) Posted: 17/06/2009 14:07:31

  • "Great, now Acorn will give them names, and they will be added to their voters list."

    enigmaforever (mich) Posted: 17/06/2009 14:19:05

  • "Does this mean that liberals and socialists are able to learn, even with their small brains? If, so then this is a really important discovery."

    Thomas Paine (New Market, VA) Posted: 17/06/2009 14:44:50

  • "Thats great news. Now if we could teach liberals to think more and feel less we could save the country."

    Globalwarmer (Indianapolis) Posted: 17/06/2009 14:45:26

  • "Any one that has ever owned a fish can tell you so, they should have just ask and yes free results Good news. Maybe liberals can learn too."Ian (Maryland) Posted: 17/06/2009 02:21:39DITTO LOL!!"

    Liz (Hollywood) Posted: 17/06/2009 14:59:37

  • "Good to hear that scientists have discovered that fish can learn. But frankly, anyone hacving a few goldfish and goldfish bowl knows that (for instance) tapping the side of a bowl with a fish food container probably will go to that side of the tank, in anticipation of being fed. Fish in the wild learn not to approach a bigger fish that might eat it. Fish learn to to hunt.Hopefully nobody spent too much money to "learn" what should have been obvious...."

    Craig K (Chicago, IL USA) Posted: 17/06/2009 15:32:52

  • "My fish (goldfish and gouramis) were experts in reading human emotions. They would perform to get food, dancing and making a big fuss whenever I walked into the room. Fish, all fish, are much more intelligent than previously thought."

    Mary (NY) Posted: 17/06/2009 15:34:48

  • "Other comments caught this as well. Mythbusters showed this years ago. Also anyone who has ever owned an aquarium has made quite elementary observations like this decades apon decades ago. "

    Joe (Nebraska) Posted: 17/06/2009 15:44:14

  • "Of Course fish have brains and can learn. Just ask any fisherman who's tried to fish in heavily fished waters. The fish aren't dumb. "

    Richard (California) Posted: 17/06/2009 15:48:13

  • "My jack dempsey wants to know why behavior is spelled with a "u". I had to explain to him that he was aquarium raised and doesn't yet understand the concept of continents and is therefore confused by different variants of the English language between them. I shouldn't get excited though - my intellectual superiority will not last. Anyone who puts their intelligence up against a fish has it coming. Soon, scientists will explain why aquarium fish are better citizens than people, OR blame them for global warming. Either way, I'm ready."

    Stephie (NH) Posted: 17/06/2009 15:48:26

  • "Of Course fish have brains and can learn. Just ask any fisherman who's tried to fish in heavily fished waters. The fish aren't dumb. "

    Richard (California) Posted: 17/06/2009 15:49:24

  • "Ooooo,fish can learn. This was probably part of a $50M government study. All you have to do is ask anyone who has a Koi pond. If you go to the same spot to feed them every day they recoginze you and when they see you coming they all swim to that spot. Now we get BIG NEWS fish can learn. What dumb ass just figured that out? Although maybe he/she was'nt so dumb if they go $50M."

    MrRight (Owens Ordinary, MD) Posted: 17/06/2009 15:51:54

  • "Great! There is hope for the left."

    Larry Bohannon (Houston, Texas) Posted: 17/06/2009 16:28:14

  • "So...can we replace our politicians with fish?"

    davenjan (California) Posted: 17/06/2009 16:49:05

  • "Of course this research matters. To better understand how we think, we need to understand how other animals think. This has relevance in game theory, robotics, sociology and of course biology.The point of the article is not that fish learn, but that they learn in cultural setting, observing behavior of other fish. The learning process in this case is dependent on the population in the environment. How many humans have wanted to get something because the Jones's have one? Fish have their own version of that."

    Charles (Atlanta) Posted: 17/06/2009 16:51:16

  • "Democrats in America have already proven the "small brain can learn" theory."

    Flannigan (Las Vegas, USA) Posted: 17/06/2009 16:53:08

  • "This gives me great hope for my husband. "

    Mary Moo (YeeHaw, West Virginia) Posted: 17/06/2009 17:05:29

  • "So...can we replace our politicians with fish?"

    davenjan (California) Posted: 17/06/2009 17:06:09

  • "Democrats in America have already proven the "small brain can learn" theory."

    Flannigan (Las Vegas, USA) Posted: 17/06/2009 17:10:24

  • "Anybody that keeps fish as pets could have told you this."

    Hojo (Virginia Beach) Posted: 17/06/2009 17:26:30

  • "Huge waste of money. I'm glad it was paid in pounds and not dollars! Charles: I don't want fish (or robotics) involved in economic policy (game theory). Fish are driven by the need to propagate and the need to feed; us humans are driven by far more than that. I'm not an animal."

    TheDingo (Fargo, ND) Posted: 17/06/2009 17:32:17

  • "This is nature, God made it so eons ago."

    Paul Conlon (Norwood,hio, USA) Posted: 17/06/2009 17:34:52

  • "I am sorry, but I had to laugh out loud at this "discovery" by "scientists"...the brilliant scientist discovered what fisherman have know for thousands of years. Suggestion to the "scientist"...get out of the lab and GO FISHING!"

    Vinnster (USA) Posted: 17/06/2009 17:38:11

  • "Another example of wasted time and money just like anthropologic warming. The idea that humans are superior, powerful and god-like."

    Greg Barton (Silicon Valley Kalifornia) Posted: 17/06/2009 17:40:32

  • "So why can't liberals learn from their behavior? Are their brains just too small to pick up new clues? Nothing else explains the Obamatrons behavior."

    Red Ruffansore (Rinotown, Nebraska USA) Posted: 17/06/2009 17:41:07

  • "If fish with small brains can learn things, would that include politicians with small brains???"

    Gary (USA) Posted: 17/06/2009 17:44:41

  • "So there's hope for Liberals???"

    Carol (NY) Posted: 17/06/2009 17:48:20

  • "so it took a bunch of scientists how much money to learn something that any aquarium of koi pond owner could have told you for free....nice use of money and time..."

    LarryK (Medical Lake (Spokane), Washington) Posted: 17/06/2009 17:51:27

  • "Mosquitoes are quite possibly the most intellegent creatures on earth behind humans (usually behind that is...). Therefore, I propose that there is absolutely no relationship between intelligence and brain size."

    EricB (Tarpon Springs, FL) Posted: 17/06/2009 17:53:01

  • "THERE WAS A MISTAKE IN THE STORY. THE ACTUAL HEADLINE WAS "LIBERAL POLITICIANS" CAN SOMETIMES LEARN DESPITE THEIR SMALL BRAINS-"

    PETE IN NY (NY USA) Posted: 17/06/2009 18:01:23

  • "There's a significant difference between finding food, and associating a particular stimuli with that food, and a fish watching another fish do something and using that information to help it's search for food. This discovery has less to do with fish and more about the assumptions of what was possible for certain brain types to manage. So the real "big news" is that people are more interested in insulting political affiliations than understanding the world around them...but I guess I didn't need a study to figure that out either."

    James (Raleigh,NC) Posted: 17/06/2009 18:01:53

  • "Seems like fish are smarter than most politicians. At least fish learn."

    Jubal (Bath, UK) Posted: 17/06/2009 19:33:12

  • "blah blah blah, conservative drivel, blah blah, god damn liberals have something to do with a story about fish. i go to drudge report, i dust my framed reagan portrait, and i post on news websites. you people bore me"

    Nate (Boston) Posted: 17/06/2009 19:59:50

  • "And taxpayer dollars were wasted for this study why? Fish go where the food is, and the bigger fish ain't. Otherwise, they become hors d'oeuvres."

    Kelvin (NYC, NY USA) Posted: 17/06/2009 20:09:21

  • "Perhaps, the next move is to check the brains of the political officials to see if THEY can learn. Sure doesn't look like it to me."

    Lars (Mad City, USA) Posted: 17/06/2009 20:53:45

  • "Why would "brain size" be correlated to intelligence? The larger the computer, the more powerful its computational capability? Social insects such as ants have a profound collective intelligence but very small individual brains. If they think sticklebacks are smart wait till the start studying cichlids!"

    Ron (Canada) Posted: 17/06/2009 21:37:19

  • "kevin, they were trying to find out what makes Nancy Pelosi tick."

    Bill (Wisconsin) Posted: 17/06/2009 21:49:19

  • "Great, now I guess Peta won't let us eat fish."

    Kathy (USA) Posted: 17/06/2009 22:17:27

  • " If unique decision making possible in fish, what about octopuses or other types of creaters? "

    Tim Ryans (Los Alimos, Las Vegas) Posted: 17/06/2009 22:19:30

  • "Have these guys ever gone fishing? Of course they learn. You don't need to be a scientist to know that? What a waste of tax payer money."

    Bill Adkins (USA) Posted: 17/06/2009 22:53:07

  • "Well, I guess there's still hope for liberals."

    Neal Kaye (Los Angeles, CA) Posted: 18/06/2009 00:21:30

  • "i had a tiny chihuahua who was the smartest pet i ever had by far and her brain was smaller than a walnut.. and a fish that was able to tell when i woke up and would splash at the top of the aquarium for breakfast. we humans are not quite so special as we like to think we are."

    el polacko (oakland, ca) Posted: 18/06/2009 01:06:11

  • "They learn in schools and on line... "

    Everett Shareck (USA) Posted: 18/06/2009 02:31:44


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